The Bates method is an eye-exercise system proposed in 1920 by the New York ophthalmologist William Bates. It is not supported by evidence: eye exercises have not been shown to change eyesight. Here is its history, what eye-care organizations say, and which relaxation habits are still useful for eye strain.
Can eye exercises replace glasses? It’s a question many people ask, especially those frustrated with glasses or contact lenses. The Bates method, developed by Dr. William H. Bates in the early 20th century, is the best-known answer of that era, and it is still promoted online. Eye-care organizations disagree with it: the American Academy of Ophthalmology finds no good evidence that eye exercises change how sharply you see.
In this article, we’ll look at where the Bates method came from, what the evidence says, and which parts (like relaxation breaks) are still reasonable habits for tired eyes.
The Bates Method: A Short History
Dr. William H. Bates set out his method in a 1920 book later republished as Perfect Sight Without Glasses (overview). He believed that blurry vision came from strain in the muscles around the eye, and that relaxation could undo it. That theory did not hold up: modern eye science explains nearsightedness and farsightedness by the shape of the eye, which exercises don’t change.
His key principles were:
- Relaxation: He held that tension caused poor sight (not supported by evidence).
- Movement: Constant small eye movements, which he called “shifting”.
- “Sunning”: Facing the sun with closed eyes. Never look at the sun; it can damage your eyes.
The Exercises, Then and Now
Here are the exercises most associated with the Bates method, and how we’d describe them today:
| Exercise | Description | What they can do today |
| Palming | Cover your closed eyes with your palms, blocking out light. Focus on relaxing your eyes and mind. | Reduces strain and promotes relaxation. |
| Sunning | Facing the sun with closed eyes, moving the head side to side. | Not recommended. Never look at the sun. |
| Figure-Eights | Trace a large figure-eight with your eyes, moving slowly and deliberately. | A slow, relaxing movement break. |
| Near-Far Shifting | Alternate focusing on a near object (e.g., finger) and a far object (e.g., a tree). | A rest from close focus; can ease the feeling of strain. |
| Blinking | Blink gently and regularly to keep eyes hydrated and reduce strain. | Maintains moisture and relieves fatigue. |
What Relaxation Exercises Can Still Offer
- Breaks From Screens: Looking away and blinking help eyes that feel tired and dry.
- Simple: No equipment needed.
- Stress Relief: Many techniques also relax the mind.
- A Habit: A cue to take regular screen breaks.
Limitations of Eye Exercises
What exercises can and can’t do, at a glance:
| Pros | Cons |
| Give your eyes a rest from close work. | Cannot correct nearsightedness, farsightedness or astigmatism. |
| Reduce symptoms of digital eye strain. | Results take time and consistency. |
| Free and easy to do. | Not a substitute for an eye exam or glasses. |
What Does Science Say About Eye Exercises?
The Bates method rests on the idea that strain causes refractive errors. The evidence does not support it: the AAO lists “you can improve your vision with eye exercises” among common eye myths, and notes that vision training is not proven to make eyesight sharper. The one area where eye exercises have clinical evidence is convergence insufficiency, an eye-teaming problem treated by eye-care professionals, which is different from the Bates claims.
Relaxation still has a place: breaks, blinking and palming can make tired eyes feel more comfortable. That is a comfort benefit, not a change in eyesight.
Practical Tips for Tired Eyes
- Get an Eye Exam: If your vision is blurry, find out why first.
- Healthy Habits: Sleep, a balanced diet and regular screen breaks.
- Take Breaks: Use the 20-20-20 rule during screen time.
- Relax: Palming for a minute is a calm way to rest your eyes.
Pro Tip for Book lovers: 6 Tips Every Book Lover Should Know
Where the Bates Method Stands Today
The Bates method is a piece of eye-care history. Its claim that exercises can replace glasses is not supported by evidence, so we don’t recommend it as a method to follow. If blurry vision bothers you, an eye exam is the right first step.
Conclusion
The Bates method, proposed in 1920, is not supported by evidence. Some of its relaxation exercises are still pleasant breaks for tired eyes, but they don’t correct blurry vision caused by refractive errors.
Key Takeaways:
- The Bates method (1920) is not supported by evidence.
- Relaxation breaks can ease the feeling of eye strain.
- For blurry vision, see an eye doctor.
FAQs
1. Can eye exercises correct blurry vision?
No. They can ease the feeling of strain, but blurry vision from a refractive error needs glasses, contacts or surgery.
2. Is the Bates method proven?
No. It was proposed in 1920 and later studies have not supported it.
3. Are eye exercises safe for everyone?
Yes, but consult an eye care professional if you have a pre-existing condition.
4. Can I do eye exercises if I wear glasses?
Yes. Relaxation breaks are fine with or without glasses; keep wearing your glasses as prescribed.
5. Do I need special equipment for eye exercises?
No. Most exercises require nothing but a few minutes and a quiet space.
